Integrated circuits are smaller and usually require less power to operate, they are extremely difficult to modify or repair. They almost always have to be replaced, and if the IC or "chip" is a proprietary chip, then the entire unit may have to be replaced. The IC is also more susceptable to electric damage.
IC's have the advantage in weight, size and power consumption, giving IC's the nod on portability.
Among the most advanced integrated circuits are the microprocessors or "cores", which control everything from computers to cellular phones to digital microwave ovens. Digital memory chips and ASICs are examples of other families of integrated circuits that are important to the modern information society. While the cost of designing and developing a complex integrated circuit is quite high, when spread across typically millions of production units the individual IC cost is minimized. The performance of ICs is high because the small size allows short traces which in turn allows low power logic (such as CMOS) to be used at fast switching speeds. ICs have consistently migrated to smaller feature sizes over the years, allowing more circuitry to be packed on each chip. This increased capacity per unit area can be used to decrease cost and/or increase functionality—see Moore's law which, in its modern interpretation, states that the number of transistors in an integrated circuit doubles every two years. In general, as the feature size shrinks, almost everything improves—the cost per unit and the switching power consumption go down, and the speed goes up. However, ICs with nanometer-scale devices are not without their problems, principal among which is leakage current (see subthreshold leakage for a discussion of this), although these problems are not insurmountable and will likely be solved or at least ameliorated by the introduction of high-k dielectrics. Since these speed and power consumption gains are apparent to the end user, there is fierce competition among the manufacturers to use finer geometries. This process, and the expected progress over the next few years, is well described by the International Technology Roadmap for Semiconductors (ITRS).
IC's have the advantage in weight, size and power consumption, giving IC's the nod on portability. They are also less prone to damage from physical jarring -- known as "solid state."
When would you use non-IC components? High voltage applications certainly! Also, most musicians prefer the sound quality of tube amplifiers over transistor amps.
Integrated circuits are smaller and usually require less power to operate, they are extremely difficult to modify or repair. They almost always have to be replaced, and if the IC or "chip" is a proprietary chip, then the entire unit may have to be replaced. The IC is also more susceptable to electric damage.
ReplyDeleteIC's have the advantage in weight, size and power consumption, giving IC's the nod on portability.
integrated circuits are smaller and usually require less power to operate, but they are extremely difficut to modify or repair
ReplyDeleteAmong the most advanced integrated circuits are the microprocessors or "cores", which control everything from computers to cellular phones to digital microwave ovens. Digital memory chips and ASICs are examples of other families of integrated circuits that are important to the modern information society. While the cost of designing and developing a complex integrated circuit is quite high, when spread across typically millions of production units the individual IC cost is minimized. The performance of ICs is high because the small size allows short traces which in turn allows low power logic (such as CMOS) to be used at fast switching speeds.
ReplyDeleteICs have consistently migrated to smaller feature sizes over the years, allowing more circuitry to be packed on each chip. This increased capacity per unit area can be used to decrease cost and/or increase functionality—see Moore's law which, in its modern interpretation, states that the number of transistors in an integrated circuit doubles every two years. In general, as the feature size shrinks, almost everything improves—the cost per unit and the switching power consumption go down, and the speed goes up. However, ICs with nanometer-scale devices are not without their problems, principal among which is leakage current (see subthreshold leakage for a discussion of this), although these problems are not insurmountable and will likely be solved or at least ameliorated by the introduction of high-k dielectrics. Since these speed and power consumption gains are apparent to the end user, there is fierce competition among the manufacturers to use finer geometries. This process, and the expected progress over the next few years, is well described by the International Technology Roadmap for Semiconductors (ITRS).
IC's have the advantage in weight, size and power consumption, giving IC's the nod on portability. They are also less prone to damage from physical jarring -- known as "solid state."
ReplyDeleteWhen would you use non-IC components? High voltage applications certainly! Also, most musicians prefer the sound quality of tube amplifiers over transistor amps.
ic is portable and requires less power.operations with ic causes lesser electric shockz.
ReplyDeleteits disadvantage is that its very difficult to repair it.